Identification
Character identification
Earthworm
Dry female insects for insect mantle. It is oval and flat, 2 to 3 cm long and 1 to 2 cm wide. The head is narrow at one end; the tail is wider; the back is purple-black and has a crustacean shape. Dark brown belly, shiny, visible small head, brown-black; 1 pair of antennae, many have fallen off. Three pairs of chest feet, curved, abdomen bulge, with a curved section, the tail section is wider and slightly pointed. Crisp and crispy, with gray and black substances in the abdomen, smelly and smelly, and slightly salty. Take a complete, oily luster, no mud to see better. The main production of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Henan, Hubei and other places. In addition, Anhui, Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia and other places also produce. Produced in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, they are small in size, light in weight, and have no mud in their abdomen. The quality is optimal, and they are called “Sutu Yuanâ€; in other regions, a large body weight is produced, and the belly contains mud, which is of inferior quality. Tu Yuan or Han Shi Yuan.
Phnom Penh
Also known as: Phnom Penh. Dry female insects for insects on the edge of water magic. It is long oval and flat, 3 to 3.5 cm long and 1.5 to 2 cm wide. The back is dark brown, shiny and crustacean. It has 10 cross-sections. The first section is wider. The edges are yellow and narrow. The following 9 edges are reddish-brown. Each section is based on teeth. Sections 2 and 3 On both sides, there is a pair of specific fins. Belly red brown, shiny. I am the same as above. The main production of Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places. In addition, the dry females of PolyphagaplancyiBol. from the family Polyptera are also used for medicinal purposes. Beijing.
Physical and chemical identification
1. Take powder 0.2g, add ethanol 20ml, place for 12 hours filtration, the filtrate was diluted with ethanol to contain 300mg per 1ml medicinal materials, for testing, the mantle has a maximum absorption peak at 265±2nm, the mantle mantle at 365±2nm, 272±2nm There is a maximum absorption peak at 264±2 nm and 257±2 nm, and a shoulder peak at 282 nm.
2. TLC
1 Take powder 1g, add methanol 20ml, cold soak 2 hours filtration, the filtrate was concentrated to 5ml, for the test solution. Another β-sitosterol was prepared as a control solution. The above two solutions were pipetted onto the same silica gel G:CMeNa thin-layer plate, developed with chloroform-methanol (9.5:0.5) as developing solvent, taken out and air-dried, sprayed with 15% phosphomolybdic acid ethanol solution, and heated to develop color. Spots were blue-black and the same spots appeared at the corresponding positions of the control.
2 Take the above test solution for use. In addition, valine, arginine, lysine, phenylalanine, glutamic acid, and valine were used as reference solutions and spotted on the same silica gel G plate. Using n-butanol-ethanol-glacial acetic acid-water (4:1:1:2) as a developing agent, it was taken out, sprayed with a 0.3% ninhydrin n-butanol solution, heated and developed, and the proline was removed. Outside the yellow spots, all were purple spots and showed fluorescent spots corresponding to the control.
Classical identification
1. Han "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing": "The locust, taste salty and cold. The main confidants are cold and heat, blood product syndrome phlegm, broken, blood under the closure, a mantle. Sheng Chuanze." [3]
2. Liang "Doctors don't record": "Hechuan Dongchuanze and Shazhong, people under the wall, the soil in the wet place. October mining, storm dry."
3. Tao Hongjing said: "The shape is flat, there is a can not fly, there is a small smell." Also said: "The shape is flat and the name is bandits."
4. Tang Su Gong said: "This material is good for rodents in the loam, and under the house wall. It resembles a rat woman, but the big ones are more than a little, and they resemble the skeletons. They have no scales but no scales. Children often catch negative objects. â€
5. Song "Tutorial of Classics" along Su Gong's cloud: The worms were born in the river Dong Chuanze and Shazhong. It resembles a mouse woman, and the larger ones are more flat and flat, but there are no scales, so a bandit. â€
6. "Ben Cao Yanyi" said: "The locusts, today's people call it a locust, but also its pictograms."
7. Qing · "Materia Medica from the new": "Stag beetle, a locust cricket. Cold and salty toxic. To the blood product, find the extremely week, the Lord was injured, and made up to wonderful."
Herbal identification
[differential points]
The difference between the Earthworm, the Mantle, and the Phnom Penh is that the three are all similar to each other, but the mantle is slightly oval; the mantle is slightly oblong and has small round spots on both sides of the chest; the Phnom Penh Mantle is There are yellow borders around, so "Phnom Penh bandits". The three drugs were equally used. The former two were widely used, while the latter was sold to Guangdong. [4]
Mistakes Dragonfly was long oval, all shiny, black and green carapace and light-colored wing film, can be clearly distinguished.
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