Qiushuang pear rapid shaping high yield cultivation measures

Qiushuang pear has a very high yield, and after two years of planting, it can yield three years of high yield. Under scientific management conditions, the three-year yield per mu can reach more than 10,000 pounds. The variety is simple in management and the flower buds are formed in the year of drawing. Tree vigor grows, leaves are large and thick, photosynthesis is strong, suitable for close planting, and self-pollination ability is strong. In order to produce large fruit types, it is necessary to carry out sparse flowering and fruit thinning. The number of pears per acre is controlled at about 8,000. The fruit type is large and beautiful, generally weighing 500 to 800 grams, and weighs over 1500 grams. Small nuclear, thin skin, delicate white flesh, crisp sweet fragrance, soluble solids at 14 to 16 degrees. The fruit is resistant to storage, and its fruit flavor is unchanged at the normal temperature and stored in the following year. The shelf life can reach 6 months.

First, cultivation points

Colonization: spacing 2.5 meters 1.5 meters, 168 seedlings per mu, planting points should be greater than 60 cm 60 cm square. Each side of Yangtuyue is set aside, and 10kg of decomposed farmyard manure (basic fertilizer) should be used for backfilling, and then backfilled with positive soil and backfilled with cloudy soil. It is advisable to incorporate one-fifth of the amount of sand. Don't plant too deep when planting, to the Ministry of soil surface when the seedlings prevail, after the deep planting seedlings are not prosperous, watering, sinking righting. 40 centimeters from the ground is set to dry, and after cutting, the tip is cut and sealed to prevent water loss from seedlings. To prevent frost from freezing, the earth mound will be leveled out in the spring of next year. The mulch will be used to cover the area around the tree. In the spring, water will be kept and the ground temperature will be raised to ensure that the survival rate will reach 100%.

Pruning: In the middle and early August, it is a time suitable for pulling branches of pear trees. Branches can be treated on standing branches and branches and dense branches can be removed. The branches and branches of young trees are opened and branches are taken. As a result, the trees are lifted and topped. branch. For branches growing above 1.2 meters, they are pulled to 50 degrees according to the size of the space, so as to ease the tree potential and accumulate nutrients. The upright branches, densely crowded branches, excessively long branches and diseased and diseased branches of the internal warts are all removed and the light path is opened to allow the trees to be air and light, increase nutrition, and promote fruit enlargement and flower bud formation.

Second, water and fertilizer management

1. The first year after planting is mainly fast-growing. The top dressing is 3 to 4 times a year. The amount of fertilizer depends on the tree vigor. It mainly promotes the growth of the tree and lays a good foundation for the results of the coming year. It can be intercropped with peanuts and dwarf trees.

2. Spray the foliar fertilizer before flowering the second year, mainly to add nutrients to the flower buds. In late April, the fruits and vegetables will be thinned and the yield will be determined according to tree vigor. It is bagged in early May. The fruit enlargement period is mainly dominated by high-nitrogen and low-potassium fertilizers, which promotes a large fruit. In the middle and late stages, it mainly uses low-nitrogen and high-potassium fertilizers to promote the accumulation of sugar and strictly control the growth of weeds.

3. Autumn basal fertilization of pear trees is very important, autumn basal fertilization accounted for 70% of the annual fertilization. After flowering and setting fruit to fruit ripening, Pear will consume a lot of nutrients in the tree. After fruit trees are harvested, before the leaves fall, it is an important period for the tree to store nutrients. At this time, fertilization has a great effect on tree growth and fruiting in the following year.

4. Fertilization method. The basal fertilizer one month before the fall leaves, do not exceed the early October. Composts and manures are the main organic fertilizers, and some weeds, straws and other organic materials can be incorporated. However, attention should be paid to the application of available nitrogen fertilizers to facilitate decomposition. Delayed phosphate fertilizers such as superphosphate can be applied with basal concentrates. The use of crater fertilization or whole garden fertilization is generally used. Acupoint Application: Dig 6 to 12 points under the canopy, with a depth of 30 to 50 cm and a diameter of 20 to 30 cm. If quick-acting fertilizers are applied, they are applied directly into the holes and watered after the covering; if liquid fertilizers such as human waste are applied, they can be poured into the holes and then covered with soil; if the delayed fertilizers, such as superphosphate, can be used together with organic fertilizers. Mix with soil and cover with soil. The garden was withdrawn: The fertilizer was spread evenly over the canopy and turned into the soil in combination with the ground. This method has a large and uniform fertilization area and can be widely absorbed by the root system, but the shallow depth of application makes it easy to cause the roots to float.

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