In order to ensure that chicks have a high survival rate and fast growth, the following points must be made:
Before brooding, farmers should prepare brooding rooms, feeding troughs, drinking fountains, etc., and thoroughly wash the troughs, drinking fountains, etc. with clean water in advance, then scrub with hot alkaline water, rinse with clean water and dry them before use; brooding The room is rinsed with clean water. After being air-dried, the bedding is laid, and after various utensils for brooding are placed, 28 ml of formalin, 14 g of potassium permanganate, and 14 ml of water are used for fumigation and disinfection per cubic meter of space. , Close the doors and windows sealed disinfection 12 hours - 24 hours, then open the doors and windows for ventilation. Allow the room temperature to warm up to 30°C or more before the chicks enter the room.
The healthy chicks are lively and active, their legs are strong, their feathers are clean and shiny, they move freely, their eyes are divine, and their umbilical cords are well-healed. The weak chicks are generally characterized by feathers and turbidity, lack of energy, and often have closed eyes and snoring. The umbilical is not well-healed, and there is often a feeling of impotence around the abdomen and anus. When farmers purchase chicks, they should carefully select healthy chicks for feeding.
Feeds for chicks require good palatability, digestibility, fresh quality, and moderate particle size. Chicks can be eaten within 12 hours and 24 hours after hatching. This is beneficial to the digestion of chicks. The chicks can eat crushed corn, millet, broken rice, crushed wheat, etc., and cook until they are mature. Normal 1-day-old 3-day-old chicks were fed 6-8 times per day and night, fed 4-5 times daily after 4 days of age, and fed once at night, after which they gradually transitioned to feeding chicks. In addition, some chopped young cabbage leaves or grasses are gradually mixed and mixed in young chicken's ingredients. The amount of young cabbage leaves or grass feeding can account for about 10% of the total amount of feed, and then gradually increasing the amount of feed to account for the feed. The total amount of 20% -30%.
Generally, the suitable temperature for growing chicks is: 1 week old 30°C—32°C, 2 weeks old 28°C—30°C, 3 weeks old 25°C—28°C, 4 weeks old 22°C—25°C, and can be lowered by 1.5 each week thereafter. °C - 2 °C, until gradually reduced to room temperature. The farmers should observe the chicks' dynamics in the brooding room at any time and adjust the temperature of the brooding room to the temperature suitable for the growth of the chicks. Generally suitable for the growth of chickens is the humidity: 1 week of age should be maintained at 60% -65%, after 1 week to 50% -60% is appropriate. If the humidity in the brooding room is too large, some quicklime can be placed in the cloth to absorb moisture. If the brooding room is too small, a water basin can be placed on the stove for heating to increase the humidity in the room through moisture evaporation.
The size of the chick's stocking density should be reasonably adjusted according to the size of the chick's age, feeding species, feeding methods, and structure of the chicken house. The reasonable density for general breeding chicks is from 0 to 4 weeks old, 20 to 25 per square meter, and from 5 weeks to 7 weeks to 10 to 20. The reasonable density for online brooding is from 0-24 weeks old to 24 weeks per square meter, and from 5 weeks old to 7 weeks old to 15-20. The farmer should reasonably control the rearing density of the chicks according to the size of the breeding chicks, the breeding species, feeding methods, and the structure of the chicken house.
The reasonable illumination time of general chicks is: 0 days of age - 3 days of age 24 hours, 4 days of age - 14 days of age of 16 hours - 19 hours, 15 days after the gradual transition to the use of natural light. The light intensity at the first week of age is every 15 square meters of the house, with a 40-watt bulb hanging at a height of 2 meters, from the second week of age can change to 25-watt bulbs to maintain proper The lighting time can be.
Enhancing the ventilation of the brooding room and keeping fresh air in the brood room are important factors in preventing the diseases of the chicks. The cultivators ventilate and ventilate the brooding room. When the noon is full and the temperature is high, the doors and windows can be opened at the appropriate time for ventilation. The opening range of the doors and windows should be gradually increased from small to large until the doors and windows are opened to the semi-open state. Farmers must not suddenly open the doors and windows due to air pollution in the brood room, so that cold air can be directly blown into the brooding room. If the room temperature in the brooding room suddenly drops, it is easy to induce chickens to suffer from colds and other respiratory diseases.
Farmers should always observe the chick population, keep abreast of the dynamics of the chicks at any time, minimize stress factors, and prevent cats and rats from entering the brooding room; check the room temperature at any time. If the temperature is too low, the chicks will easily cause the chicks to die and the temperature will be too high. It is easy to cause the chicks to breathe open mouth, increase the amount of drinking water, and keep away from the heat source. The farmers should timely adjust the temperature in the brooding room to the temperature suitable for the growth of the chicks according to the dynamics of the chicks. If any chicks with licking or feathering are found, they should promptly Adjust the diets of the chicks and select the individual chicks for feeding in a timely manner. Apply gentian violet to the quilt to prevent the spread of licking and feathering in the chicks. At the same time, on the 7th to the 11th The age of the chicks should be promptly cut off, with a cut off device to remove the 1/2 of the chicks and 1/3 of the lower jaw, two days before the break can be added to the feed amount of vitamin K (20 ml per kg body weight - 30 Ml) and antibiotics to prevent bleeding, in order to slow the chicks off stress.
Humidity and unhygienic conditions in the brooding room can easily induce disease in chicks, especially chicks with white feathers and coccidiosis, and are most likely to cause disease in wet and unhygienic conditions. Farmers should always keep the brooding room dry and clean, change the litter, drink clean drinking water, keep the feed fresh and clean, and do less feeding Tim to regularly sterilize the brooding room. The chickens are sterilized once every two days during the brooding period. At the same time, attention should be paid to the disinfection of the feeding troughs, drinking fountains, and feeding utensils. The ventilation of the brooding room should be taken care of (to prevent carbon dioxide poisoning). In addition, chicken disease prevention should be strengthened. One-day-three-day-old chicks should be injected with 0.2 ml of freeze-dried vaccine for Marek’s disease turkey herpes virus for the first time; Newcastle disease should be used at 5 days old and 7 days old. Or IV vaccine is given by eye drop or intranasal immunization according to the prescribed dose; 14-day-old chicks are given subcutaneous injections of Marek's vaccine for a second immunization; 18-day-olds are injected with Bursa vaccine; at 30 days old, Newcastle disease II or IV is used. The second immunization was performed with the vaccine.
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