Recently, Hunan and other regions have been affected by continuous rainfall and floods. Early rice and other food crops have also suffered certain losses. At this time, post-disaster remediation measures are the knowledge that growers must understand. The following Huinong network Xiaobian share early rice varieties for reverse seeding spring live cultivation techniques. Measures for reference.
The early rice variety was used as a key technical measure for disaster relief production after flood disasters. It is mainly a cultivation method that uses early rice varieties and directly sows seeds in the field without carrying out seedling transplanting. This cultivation method has four major problems: the season is tight, the whole seedling is difficult, the grass is heavy, and the lodging is easy. Therefore, in production, special attention should be paid to mastering the technical measures such as “early sowing, early seedling early, weeding and prevention, fattening, anti-premature aging, and robust cultivation and lodging preventionâ€.
First, early rice selection and germination methods
1, variety selection
Choose early-maturing or medium-ripening conventional rice varieties with good heat-resistance at seedling stage, strong cold-tolerance in the late stage, early early fast-growing, moderate tillering ability, strong disease resistance, short planting and strong lodging resistance, such as Xiangzao 45 , Xiangzao 42, Zhongzao 39, Zhongjiazao 17, Xiangzao 24, Xiangzao 32, Xiangzao 6 etc., early broadcast plots try to select varieties with longer growth period to improve Autumn yield.
2, soaking seeds and germination
Preparation: Before soaking seeds, pick up empty sputum by bubble.
Germination method: use "strong chlorine" soaking seeds to promote germination, soaking seeds and germination with "three ups and three fallings", manual sowing seeds require bud length to have half grain length, root length is 1 grain length is appropriate; mechanical seeding only Ask the seed to germination to "white".
Note: Each kilogram of seed needs to be disinfected with 2.5 to 3 grams of "strong chlorin", and the soaking time is 24 hours. Soaking seeds also have a certain effect on breaking the seed dormancy period.
2. Principles of ploughing, land preparation and fertilization after flooding
1. Clean up the rice fields in time
After the flood, the rice fields, insects, granules and debris are more abundant. They are first flooded or irrigated with clear water, and then sterilized in the field with lime.
2, fine land preparation
The field of direct seed rice must be leveled and ditched. And every 3 meters or so to open a trench, as a work field for fertilization, pesticides and other field management.
3, apply enough base fertilizer
At the same time, the base fertilizer is applied to the whole land, and 6-8 kg of pure nitrogen, 4-6 kg of potassium oxide and 4-5 kg ​​of phosphorus pentoxide are applied per mu.
Third, the precautions for rice planting after the disaster
1. Sowing time:
See the above picture for the latest sowing date of all varieties of early rice, and grab the time to plant seeds as early as possible.
2. Seeding amount:
Seeding per acre of field: 7.5 to 10 kg of conventional rice.
4. Rice field management after the disaster
1, seedling sterilization
It is necessary to effectively prevent rainstorms, exposure to the sun, rats, and rodents when planting. Flooded fields should prevent bacterial and other diseases of the seedlings. Spray the "thienium copper" in the three leaves of the seedlings. Two barrels of water per acre and 40 grams of water per barrel can disinfect and eliminate bacteria and other diseases.
2, check the seed fill
In order to strive for a balanced high yield, artificial seedlings should be taken at the seedling stage to dilute and replenish. From the second leaf stage, the seedlings can be replenished to the five-leaf stage to promote balanced growth.
3. Chemical weeding
Adopt "one two kill three supplements" technology.
One: On the second day after sowing, 50% of benzyl·propene 60g per acre is used for weeding;
The second kill: three leaves and one heart, draining the field water, using 20% ​​cyanofluoride bispyribyl ether per acre two sets of weeding in addition to thousands of gold;
Three supplements: Five leaves and one heart, killing some unclean grass in the field, and spraying 15% of the 20% cyanofluoride puzzle points for every 15 kg of water.
4, water management
The water and fertilizer management from the sowing to the three-leaf stage is the key to ensuring the whole seedling. After the sowing, the surface of the field should be kept moist, so that the surface is not cracked. If the cold wave is encountered, the seedling should be irrigated and the wood ash should be protected against cold. In the tillering stage, a thin water layer of 2 cm is used to promote tillering. When the number of seedlings per mu reaches 20 to 220,000, the field should be exposed immediately and the ineffective tillers should be controlled. Promote the root system and strong stalks to improve the tillering rate. The young panicles differentiated into the shallow water layer during the flowering stage, intermittent irrigation during the filling stage, alternating wet and dry, keeping the field moist. Water was cut off about 7 days before harvest.
5, fertilization management
Honda applied weaning fertilizer, applying 4 kg of urea and potassium chloride per acre in the 3 leaf stage to promote early growth; promoting the growth of manure in the 6-leaf stage by applying 5-7 kg of urea per acre, and 4 kg of potassium chloride. When heading 20% ​​to 30%, the leaves of the seedlings should be sprayed with foliar fertilizer, and the “five-added†grain should be filled with 1 packet (50 g) plus 1 kg of urea to 50 kg of water for foliar spray. The application can extend the functional period of the leaf, promote the heading, increase the seed setting rate, increase the 1000-grain weight, and increase the yield.
I hope that the above content can help the farmers who have suffered floods. If someone in your circle of friends is in a flood disaster area, please be sure to forward it to him to prevent it.
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