Base fertilizer is the most basic part of fertilization, and it is very important for the growth and development of vegetable crops. The application of base fertilizer is generally considered from four aspects: the type, quantity, fertilizer type and application method of base fertilizer.
From the species point of view, organic fertilizers (including farmyard manure, manure, and cake manure) are most suitable for basic fertilizer application. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace fertilizers are also suitable as base fertilizers. Older greenhouses with higher soil fertility should pay attention to applying more biological fertilizers. Base fertilizer.
From the fertilizer application point of view, to determine the amount of base fertilizer application, we must first consider the level of soil fertility, in the organic matter less than 1.5% of the soil should be the use of organic fertilizer (to chicken manure as an example) more than 3,000 kilograms. When the available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements are low in the soil, the fertilizer should be applied first. Where conditions permit, the specific amount of fertilizer used as base fertilizer can be determined according to soil test results. Generally, 30% of the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer is applied to high-fertility soils, and 50% to 70% of nitrogen fertilizer is used as basic fertilizer for medium and low-fertility soils. , Phosphorus, potassium fertilizer 70% as a base fertilizer, bio-fertilizer and micro-fertilizer as much as possible all at the end of application.
From the aspect of fertilizer varieties, ammonium bicarbonate, urea in nitrogen fertilizer, superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, diammonium in phosphate fertilizer, potassium sulfate in potassium fertilizer, ash in plant fertilizer, zinc fertilizer in microelement fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, boron fertilizer, etc. Suitable for base fertilizer.
In terms of fertilization, the base fertilizer should generally be applied to the entire plough layer, ie, a depth of 15-30 cm. For organic fertilizers, nitrogen fertilizers, potash fertilizers, etc., they can be mixed evenly on the surface of the ground and then ploughed into the soil so that the fertilizer can be evenly mixed with the entire plough layer to facilitate the absorption and utilization of nutrients by different root layers of vegetable crops. Because of poor mobility, phosphate fertilizers should be concentrated under ridges (or saggers), so that phosphate fertilizers can be evenly distributed in the dense layer of roots.
Here's a simple example of loofah:
Fertilization before planting, Mushi fully decomposed chicken manure 3000 kg, biological fertilizer 100 kg, urea 20 kg, superphosphate 50 kg, potassium sulfate 30 kg, zinc sulfate 2 kg, borax 1 kg. Mix chicken manure, bio-fertilizer, urea, and potash fertilizer by 1â„2 (full-scale application) 1/2, deep-throw 30 cm, level off, and then open the planting ditch according to the required spacing, and mix the remaining 1/2 manure with phosphate fertilizer. Fertilizer is mixed into the ditch, so that the soil is mixed evenly. Water is poured in the ditch to make rakes. After the water seeps down, the ridges are integrated.
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