At present, the winter wheat sowing period is about to enter. According to the cultivation characteristics of winter wheat, fertilizer characteristics and agricultural production, wheat fertilization is the key, so what farmers can do to improve production.
Winter wheat high yield fertilization technology:
Increase the amount of base fertilizer
At the seedling stage, there is an appropriate amount of nitrogen nutrition and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to make the wheat seedlings grow fast, and there are a certain number of healthy tillers before winter, and lay the foundation for the growth of ear, grain and weight gain after spring. The amount of base fertilizer accounts for 60% to 70% of the total amount of fertilization, and generally 2000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer is applied. According to the law of wheat absorption, the high-fertilizer water plot should be applied with 4 to 7 kg of urea per acre or 23 to 38 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 15 to 17 kg of diammonium phosphate, 12 to 17 kg of potassium chloride, or 45% composite. 50 kg or 40% wheat special fertilizer 50 kg. Medium and low yield plots should be applied with 2 to 5 kg of urea per acre or 5 to 12 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 18 to 22 kg of diammonium phosphate, 9 to 12 kg of potassium chloride, or 45% compound fertilizer or 40% wheat. Fertilizer 40 ~ 50 kg, or 36% potassium dihydrogen phosphate compound fertilizer 50 kg. The zinc-deficient plot can be combined with two kilograms of zinc sulfate. If it is a kind of wheat on the saline-alkali soil, it is not suitable to apply potassium chloride, and it is necessary to apply potassium sulfate or potassium nitrate. If compound fertilizer is applied, it is calculated according to the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, nitrogen or phosphorus, potassium and potassium contained in the fertilizer. In wheat fields with high fertility or high-quality farmyard manure as base fertilizer, the bottom fertilizer may not be applied with nitrogen fertilizer, and the nitrogen fertilizer may be used for topdressing. For late buckwheat or wheat field with insufficient base fertilizer in the wheat season, 5 kg of ammonium sulfate or 2.5 kg of urea can be used as seed fertilizer per acre, but ammonium bicarbonate is easy to be volatile and should not be used as seed fertilizer.
Moderate use of fertilizer
Fertilization is the most cost-effective method of fertilization. Generally, 2 to 3 kg of urea per mu, or 8 to 10 kg of superphosphate, or about 10 kg of compound fertilizer. Micro-fertilizer can be used as base fertilizer or seed dressing. When used as a base fertilizer, it is difficult to spread evenly due to the small amount of use, and it can be mixed with fine soil and then applied to the surface, and then ploughed into the soil. When seeding with zinc and manganese fertilizer, 2 to 6 grams of zinc sulfate and 0.5 to 1 gram of manganese sulfate per kilogram of seeds are sown immediately after seed dressing.
Timely topdressing and high yield
Skillful application of topdressing is an important measure to obtain high yield of wheat. There are two types of topdressing: one is soil topdressing, which is a more traditional method of topdressing. Topdressing fertilizers are generally used to topdressing nitrogen fertilizer. The time of topdressing is generally in the jointing stage. The amount of topdressing depends on the seedlings. The wheat has many tillers, the seedlings are good, and the growth is strong. It should be applied late and reduce the application rate. After the application of urea per acre 15-20 kg or ammonium hydrogen 40-50 kg. Wheat is less tiller, seedlings are not good, and the growth is weak. It should be applied early and increased. It can be applied with 20 to 25 kg of urea per acre or 50 to 70 kg of ammonium hydrogen after regreening. However, for soils with poor soil fertility, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should not be too large. It is advisable to apply 15 to 17 kg of urea per mu, and the application should not be too late. However, when the base fertilizer is not applied with phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and the soil supply of phosphorus and potassium is insufficient, the phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer should be properly applied. For high-yield fields with insufficient potassium, it is also possible to apply about 150 kg of grass ash before winter. For wheat fields with sufficient fertilizer, avoid excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, and the time of top dressing should not be late. Otherwise, it will easily lead to late maturity and reduce production.
The other is root spray, which is an effective fertilization method to supplement the nutritional deficiency in late wheat. Due to inconvenient topdressing in the wheat field, the absorption capacity of the root system is decreasing with the advancement of the growth period. Therefore, if the fertilizer must be applied after the late growth of the wheat, foliar spraying can be used, which is also an emergency measure for increasing wheat production. Foliar fertilization should be carried out according to the situation in the later stage of wheat growth. At this time, the northern wheat area is often damaged by dry hot wind. If 0.2% concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (50 kg of fertilizer solution per mu, 100 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate) is sprayed 1 or 2 times during the heading and flowering period, the interval between the two times is 10 days and a half, which can promote wheat. The grout is firm and the damage of dry hot air is reduced, so as to ensure the high yield and quality of wheat.
Wheat is an important food crop in China, with winter wheat accounting for more than 80% of the wheat planted area. Winter wheat needs more fertilizer, everyone must be scientifically planted, and the harvest will be good in the coming year!
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