In the 1970s, Yunmeng County of Hubei Province was famous all over the country for its large area of ​​rapeseed cultivation and high production level. At that time, the people who came to visit and learn from it were in a constant stream. The national and provincial agricultural authorities held a meeting here. At that time, due to the large number of young laborers, rapeseed cultivation was carefully managed by means of seedling transplanting, and the rapeseed per mu was generally about 250 kg. In recent years, due to the large number of young and middle-aged laborers who go out to work, the education of the elderly in agriculture is relatively low, and the production technology of rapeseed is not in place. Recently, when we served in Yunmeng County, some farmers consulted on the technical issues of rape. The reply is as follows:
Q: The old group of the three groups of farming in Hutian Village, Shahe Township, asked: When the leaves of rapeseed grow to 5-7 leaves in the seedling stage, why are the leaves of rapeseed in other people's homes green, and the leaves of rapeseed in his family often appear red or dark green?
A: The normal rapeseed, the leaves should generally be emerald green, indicating that the base fertilizer application of rapeseed is more reasonable, and the leaves appear red or dark green, mostly caused by the lack of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer. The “double low†rapeseed planted nowadays is mostly of the cabbage type, and the leaf color of the nitrogen-deficient plants at the seedling stage will turn reddish or deep red, because the nitrogen deficiency affects the formation of chlorophyll in the leaves, making the anthocyanin more active. The blade's vitality is reduced, causing the grain to be light and the yield to drop. When phosphorus is deficient, the amount of roots absorbed by rapeseed is significantly reduced, the amount of absorbed fertilizer is weakened, the leaves are dark green, and some are dark purple, followed by withering, flower bud differentiation is blocked, the amount of flowers is small, and the number of pods is small. The corresponding measure is to apply appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer in the base fertilizer, or apply 1000 kg of decomposed human excrement to raise the seedlings before wintering.
Question: A group of old Zheng asked in the village of Chengcheng Township, why did the red crack appear on the base of the blade before the rape was twitched? Why are there pods when seeding?
A: Some rapeseed grows vigorously before convulsions. After in-depth observation, it can be seen that some of the leaves of the rapeseed are swollen at the base of the sunny surface, and the cortex is cracked, showing purple-red cracks and developing up and down. The leaf is thick and fragile, the tip of the leaf is rewinded, the flower buds are chlorotic and yellow, some are dry and fall off, the petals are shrunk, the flowering is not normal, the flowers are less, or the flowers are not real. When this symptom is discovered, one indicates that the soil in this place is potentially deficient in boron, and the other is that it ignores the application of boron fertilizer in the base fertilizer. Rape is a very sensitive crop for boron fertilizer. In boron-deficient soil, the addition of boron fertilizer can greatly increase the yield. In addition to the application of boron in the base fertilizer, the boron fertilizer should be sprayed on the upper and middle of the middle and late management. One can spray 0.1% to 0.2% of the boron sand solution, and the other can spray 0.1% to 0.15% of the speed boron solution.
Q: Laosheng, a 70-year-old group from the 6th group of Shengzhai Village in Hujindian Township, asked why the rapeseed, which had a prosperous growth in the early stage, why did it fall back and cut production?
A: The excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer in rapeseed can promote the growth of nutrients, and it looks good. It can delay the flowering and flowering period, shorten the effective flowering period, reduce the cell wall strength in the stem, and reduce the supporting ability, which is easy to cause lodging and yield reduction. Reducing the oil content is also susceptible to disease and affects the quality of the product. Production must emphasize formula fertilization, balanced fertilization, promote the application of organic fertilizers, use quick-acting nitrogen fertilizers in base fertilizers, or apply multi-component fertilizers with high nitrogen and potassium contents and moderate phosphorus fertilizer content.
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