Ginger planting has higher technical requirements, especially from the seedling stage to the vigorous growth period, which has great influence on the yield and quality of ginger. If the management is improper, there will be the phenomenon of leaf curling, yellow leaves, rotting roots, dead plant rotten seedlings and so on. Doing a good job in the management from the seedling stage to the vigorous growth period to prevent and reduce the occurrence of these growth failures is of great significance for improving yield and quality and increasing planting returns.
I. Problems often seen in the seedling period of ginger
1, high temperature and drought roll leaves, "jazz" phenomenon
2, weak root system, serious deficiency of iron deficiency
3, stem rot, leading to plant lodging, stem base fracture
Second, ginger seedling management techniques
1, shade
Ginger is a negative-tolerant plant that does not tolerate glare and high temperatures, and seedlings are in high temperatures during the summer season. The weather is hot and the light is strong. Therefore, ginger cultivation must be shaded.
The ginger area in southern China is shaded with a “Ginger Shedâ€. The specific method is to use a bamboo basket to cover the surface after the seedling stage is unearthed, and then cover it with straw. The traditional shading method in northern Jiang District is “Ginger Grassâ€. Usually after the ginger is sown, when the soil is moist, when the soil is on the south side (east-west line) or the west side (south-north line) of the planting line, the grass is inserted into the fence to cover the shade, and corn straw can also be used instead. At present, shade nets and other materials are gradually used to shade ginger and have a good effect.
2, reasonable watering
Ginger has a shallow root system and is mainly distributed on the surface of the soil. Therefore, it is necessary to water it often if it does not tolerate drought. However, ginger is not resistant to waterlogging. If too much water is used, it will affect the development of root system of ginger and cause diseases such as ginger leeches. Therefore, reasonable watering is critical.
Ginger plants need less water at seedling stage. However, due to poor water absorption capacity of the roots, so the ground should be small irrigation, pouring and timely maintenance of farmland. Summer temperatures increase with frequent droughts and need to replenish moisture in a timely manner. Water every 5-7 days. Watering time should be appropriate for morning and evening. Heavy rain or heavy rains need to be drained in time.
Ginger has a shallow root system and is mainly distributed on the surface of the soil. Therefore, it is necessary to water it often if it does not tolerate drought. However, ginger is not resistant to waterlogging. If too much water is used, it will affect the development of root system of ginger and cause diseases such as ginger leeches. Therefore, reasonable watering is critical.
Ginger seedling plants are small and require little water. However, due to underdeveloped roots, poor water absorption capacity should be a small amount of ground irrigation, pouring in time to protect the farmland. Summer temperatures increase with frequent droughts and need to replenish moisture in a timely manner. Water every 5-7 days. Watering time should be appropriate for morning and evening. Heavy rain or heavy rains need to be drained in time.
3, rational fertilization
The seedling plants need less fertilizer but the seedling time is longer. In order to make the ginger seedlings grow vigorously, the first top dressing is usually done when the seedling height is about 20-30 cm and there are 1-2 small branches, which is called “small top dressingâ€. "" or "strong seedling fertilizer", at this time can be used trace element water-soluble fertilizer flushing to supplement the nutrients needed for ginger seedlings, and promote the growth of stems and leaves. In addition, ginger seedlings are prone to iron deficiency yellowing, and they can be sprayed with trace element water-soluble fertilizers for prevention and treatment.
4, to promote root seedlings
Ginger roots are weak in the ability to absorb nutrients. Appropriate root-enhancing measures at the seedling stage can increase root activity and increase root absorption of nutrients and water. Plant growth regulators + 0.1% triacontanol + hymexazol can be applied to shoot height 15-20cm to promote root growth, prevent root diseases, and promote robust plant growth.
5, weeding and weeding
Ginger belongs to shallow root crops and should not be deeply ploughed. In actual production, the ginger cultivated in plastic film does not need cultivating before removing the film; the ginger cultivated in the open field is generally after emergence, when the seedling height is about 15-30cm, combined with watering or shallow 1-2 times after rain, the cultivating depth is maintained at 5-8cm is appropriate to prevent soil compaction, increase ground temperature and remove weeds.
6. Pest control
The main diseases of ginger seedlings are ginger borer, stem rot and anthracnose. For ginger acaridism, it is possible to use Guoguang Zheng + Hymexazol + oxacillin before or at the onset of the disease to prevent it. For stem rot, metalaxyl manganese zinc + octylamine + hymexazol + growth regulator can be used to prevent and control before onset or early onset. For anthrax disease can be used to control the country cursor health spray. The main pests during the seedling stage are hummocks and ginger pods. For Jiangyan, GuoGuang poisonous arrows can be used for spraying. For the humming horses, locust forests can be used for spraying.
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