Recently, there have been consultations with vegetable farmers, and there are many problems on the fruits of autumn stalks in greenhouses. According to the Xiaobian.com, there are certain regularities in understanding the occurrence of these problems: the first spikes are more rigid; the third and fourth spikes are empty. More; the upper ear has a lot of hollow fruit. How to solve these problems?
First, what are the causes of common fruit problems in tomatoes?
1. The first ear is more fruity than the fruit
There are many reasons for the tomato's dead fruit. What is the reason for the first fruit of the first ear?
(1) Poor flower bud differentiation. Tomato flower bud differentiation is too early and too fast. Generally, when the seedling has 2~3 true leaves, the flower bud differentiation of the first spike flower is carried out, and in the 4~5 true leaves, the second spike flower bud differentiation. At this time, it is just the high temperature season in August and September. The greenhouse temperature is often higher than 35 °C, resulting in poor flower bud differentiation, so the probability of occurrence of stiff fruit is large.
(2) It takes too long to spend time. It takes a long time to form a dead fruit and affect the commerciality of the fruit.
2. The third and fourth ear fruits have more empty ears.
In general, the main reason for the large number of spikes in the third and fourth ear of tomatoes is the lack of nutrient supply.
(1) The lower ear has too much fruit. In the early stage of tomato fruiting, due to the high temperature, plants tend to grow, and many vegetable farmers are afraid to sit on the fruit and take more fruits to control the tree. Some farmers have 5 to 6 fruits, which cause serious plant fall. .
(2) In the case that the weather is too hot, the fertilizer is not timely, or the leaves are over-exposed, the lack of nutrients leads to poor flower bud differentiation, and then there will be more empty spikes.
3. Upper ear hollow fruit
There are two main reasons for the increase in the number of hollow fruits in the upper ear:
(1) Excessive leaf removal or leaf disease occurs. When the upper part of the tomato enters the fruit-expanding stage, it is the low-temperature and widowed season after winter. In order to promote the color change of the lower part, the vegetable farmers adopt the method of picking leaves, but the excessive leaf picking causes the photosynthesis of the plant to be affected. In addition, there are many diseases such as poor nutrient supply or leaf mold in the late growth stage of tomatoes, decreased photosynthesis ability, decreased photosynthetic products, insufficient nutrient supply for fruit growth, and more hollow fruit.
(2) Reduced watering and fertilization in the later stage. Many vegetable farmers stop watering and fertilizing prematurely. The nutrients in the soil are difficult to meet the growth of tomato fruit, and the growth of the flesh is affected, resulting in empty fruit.
Second, the tomato common fruit problem solution
In order to ensure more fruit, prevent problems such as stiff fruit, empty ear and hollow fruit, in addition to cultivating strong trees and improving plant resistance, Hui Nongwang Xiaobian reminded the farmers to pay attention to the following four points.
(1) Remove the first flower of each flower of the ear, and spend more flowers, early fruit thinning and preserve the fruit.
Because the first flower of each flower blooms early, it is prone to deformity after sitting on the fruit, and it will affect the nutritional supply of other flowers, causing serious problems such as falling flowers or stiff fruit, so it should be removed in time. Each flower can be flowered 6-8 times. When the tomato grows to the size of the pigeon egg, remove the deformed, wounded or oversized fruit, and leave 3~5 fruits per ear.
(2) Control points take time and medication.
It takes a long time to form a dead fruit, and it is easy to form a cracked fruit too late, which will affect the fruit quality of the tomatoes. Therefore, it takes a lot of time to spend time. Since the second flower of each ear begins, each time 2 to 3 flowers are basically open on the same day. At this time, the flower is started. The best time is when the flower is just opened in the morning. For the concentration of anthers, the concentration is slightly lower at high temperatures and slightly higher at low temperatures.
(3) The fertilizer and water in the expansion period should keep up.
The fruit expansion period is the most important period for the plant to be nutritious, and it is also a key period for growth. At this time, the management of fertilizer and water must not be neglected.
(4) The late leaves should not be excessive.
During the fruit color change period, many vegetable farmers promoted the color change of the fruit, and the leaves of the upper and lower parts of the ear were removed in large quantities, while the leaves were too small, which seriously affected the photosynthesis of the leaves, which easily led to insufficient nutrient of the plants and eventually caused problems such as hollow fruits. Therefore, in the middle and late stages of tomato growth, snoring and leaf picking should be moderate.
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