The planting structure generally has a large fixed and regional nature. With the increase of planting years, some soil-borne diseases have become an important factor restricting the production of vegetables. For example, the death of the melons, which has become increasingly serious, has become a deadly factor restricting the production of melons such as cucumbers and melons. Now we will introduce what kind of diseases cause dead vegetables in melon vegetables? How to control?
1. Fusarium wilt of melons
The sheds are heavily replanted and the disease incidence is high. The incidence rate is 10% to 30%, and serious disease fields can reach 80%.
Symptoms: The typical symptom of the disease is the wilting of the plants. Cut the rhizome to see if the vascular bundle becomes brown or dark brown. In the melon growth period, the leaves gradually turn green from yellow to yellow. The early wilting at noon, recovery sooner or later, the whole plant died after a few days. Half of the stems often have longitudinal cracks at the base of the stem, with glial overflowing. The diseased part often grows white or pink moldy layers when wet.
The pathogen is a fungus belonging to the genus Subgenus fungus, a typical soil-borne fungus. Continuous cropping, organic manure is not ripe, soil is excessively arid or the soil is sticky and acidic, it is easy to attack, and the disease is serious.
2, melon root rot
The peasants are often called rot.
Symptoms: Mainly infested with roots and stems of melons. At the initial stage of infection, they were immersed in water and subsequently rotted. The contraction of stems was not obvious, and the vascular bundles at the decayed parts of the disease turned brown and did not develop upwards, which was different from blight. The sick department deteriorated in the late stages and was disorderly filiform. The initial symptoms of the diseased plants were not obvious at the early stage, and the leaves were wilted at early and late noon, and they recovered early and late. In severe cases, most of them could not recover and die. Grafting cucumbers is generally the victim of marrying the interface, starting from scratch. In the early stages, the leaf wilting was not obvious and the disease progressed slowly, often inhibiting the growth of the roots, resulting in poor cucumber development. The base of the pumpkin stem used as rootstock changed from immersed to blackish brown and rotted, causing the whole plant to die. When the disease is light, the external symptoms are not obvious. The vascular bundles of the rootstock and scion do not change color, and the capillary root turns brown and decays. When severe, part of the main root and lateral roots turn brown and rot, and longitudinal cracks occur in the fine roots.
The disease is the flagellin subfamily Pythium fungi.
3. Melon blight
The disease has become an important disease that restricts melon production in recent years.
Symptoms: The main damage stems, leaves, melons. The lesions on the vines are mostly oval-shaped, light brown, and sometimes overflow with amber-colored resinous gums. The diseased stems shrink, and the longitudinal cracks become chaotic. The plants above the diseased part die. The main difference between this disease and blight is that the vascular bundle does not change color. The pathogen belongs to Ascomycete subphylum fungi.
4, melon bacterial wilt
Symptoms: The symptoms of wilting appear at the early stage, wilting at noon, and recovery sooner or later. After a long time, the plants completely die. After the plants died, the leaves did not turn yellow, and the whole plant showed symptoms of wilt. Sick stem incision, squeezed by hand, there are turbid water droplets, can be used as a typical judgment of the disease symptoms.
Integrated control methods:
1, rotation for change. Change the planting habits in a fixed area, and implement non-melon crop rotation for more than 3-4 years.
2, soil treatment. During the summer shelter season, the shed soil is sunk and the lime is used to treat the soil.
3, scientific fertilization. Through soil testing, a reasonable formula fertilization is performed to avoid the occurrence of acidified and salinized soils that are conducive to the survival of pathogens.
4, liquid irrigation roots. In the premorbid or early onset, the plants showed symptoms of wilting symptoms, and they were treated with phytotherapy. The double-effect water-repellent agent 500 times solution + potent root-generating seedling agent or harvest 500 seed solution was used for irrigating.
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