Chinese scientists draw the first mammalian cell map

Release date: 2018-02-24

Professor Guo Guojun from the Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center of Zhejiang University School of Medicine developed a low-cost, high-efficiency, fully localized high-throughput single-cell sequencing platform called “Microwell-seq”, and used this platform to build the world's first in a short time. Mammalian cell map. The result was published on the 23rd in the international academic journal Cell.

Cells are the smallest independent genetic unit of life. The traditional sequencing technology "sees" a group of cells, a group of cells, "read" is the average of a bunch of cellular genetic signals, so the specific performance of a single cell is easily overlooked. Guo Guozhen believes that single-cellomics technology enables humans to accurately analyze cell differentiation, regeneration, senescence, and pathology from the perspective of a single cell. "This type of technology is leading to a methodological revolution in cell detection, classification, and identification."

"We use microwell matrix, molecular labeling and amplification technology to achieve single-cell level analysis with high throughput and high precision, which solves the problem of small single-cell nucleic acid material in traditional sequencing, easy to lose, and high cost of analysis." Guo Guozhen said .

The researchers showed reporters a square piece of three centimeters long, a piece of agarose microplate with 100,000 diameter "small pits". In the experiment, scientists used digestive enzymes to dissociate a relatively tight cell into a suspension of single cells, dumped on agarose microplates, and about 10,000 cells would "fall into a pit". pit". After that, the researchers put a "number" on each of the captured cells - "magnetic bead index", tens of thousands of magnetic beads with a diameter of 25 microns were poured into the "pit", and the DNA was labeled while sealing a single cell. index. The third step is the conventional sequencing process, and the expression profile of each cell is resolved. This technology is capable of testing all messenger RNAs in a single cell, an important substance that translates cellular DNA genetic information into proteins.

With this high-throughput single-cell sequencing platform, the researchers performed a systematic single-cell transcriptome analysis of more than 400,000 cells in nearly 50 organ tissues at different life stages in mice, and constructed the first mammalian cell map. .

Experts believe that the completion of the mouse cell map will guide the construction of the next human cell map, and benefit from many fields such as cell biology, developmental biology, neurobiology, hematology and regenerative medicine.

Source: Xinhuanet

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