Dry rice seedlings is a routine scientific and technological measure to achieve high yield, stable yield, and increased income of rice. This technology can be summarized as “fat bed, early childbearing, age-appropriate, shallow insertion, and sparse planting†and it is widely used in production. Value, its specific operation is as follows.
I. Seedling raising and seedling management
1. Seedbed preparation 1 seedbed selection. Breathing is the key to the success or failure of dry rice seedlings. It should be selected as a lee-negative, water-convenient, fertile vegetable garden or early as a seedbed, and avoid cold-sweeping fields, clay fields, and alkaline fields. Generally, 25 to 30 square meters of seedbed are needed per mu of field.
2 seedbed production and fertilization. Seedlings should be ploughed and sun-dried 2 months before the seedlings are cultivated, and the beds should be crushed. The seedbed can be seen as the water condition of the plots to build a high bed, a low bed and a flat bed with a bed width of 1.2 to 1. 4 meters, length can not exceed 8 meters, ditch width 0. 4 meters, the bed should be flat and overturned. In order to simplify the procedures for raising the dry seedlings and improve the quality of the seedlings, seedlings must be used to fertilize the seedbeds. Strong seedling penalties have a variety of effects such as comprehensive nutrition, soil disinfection, acid control, chemical control, and control of blight. How to use: Mix 10 ml of fine soil with a bag of seedlings and sprinkle on a 20-square-meter seedbed. Mix the medicine with the topsoil and mix well.
3 seed bed disinfection, acid adjustment. Soil alkalinity and colonization in seedbed soil are the main factors that cause blueberry blight and dead seedlings. In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of blueberry disease, seedlings should be used in combination with soil preparation to disinfect, acidify, or spray Guangkuning for disinfection. Production practice has proved that the application of water solution of strong seedlings in cold-water immersed fields and partial alkaline fields is more effective in preventing diseases.
2. The selection of seed treatment and germination should be combined with actual conditions and local conditions. The fine varieties were selected and used for 3 kg per mu. Before sowing, it can be soaked with 2000 times liquid for 72 hours with Jianwei or Shibao to prevent rice bakanae disease. In order to accelerate growth and avoid bad seeds, the soaked grains should be germinated, and the degree of germination should be just as white as the white.
3, sowing, removing, cover film 1 sowing. Before seeding, the seedbed should be repeatedly watered, so that 15 cm of topsoil can fully absorb water and reach saturation, and alkaline water must not be used. Pour 1 additional water before planting. After soil disinfection and gentle repression of the bed surface, sow 200 to 250 grams of white grains per square meter. The sowing date depends on the planting time and the planting season is 45 days. About two days, about 55 days.
2 cover, remove. Cover about 2 cm of cover seed after sowing (evenly mix with 30% of the finely ground feces and 70% of fine soil). Cover the soil to be moist, covering should be uniform and tight, do not use fire ash, grass ash and other alkaline soil. After the cover is sprayed with a drought-resistance herbicide or herbicide.
3 cover film. After the sowing, it is necessary to cover the film in time, with the arch type as the best, the arch height 40 cm, the middle of the arch surface should be flat, the film should use a new film, compacted with soil around, in order to prevent the wind from uncovering the film to make the water evaporate and affect the seedling emergence. Spread some poison bait around the field to prevent rats.
4, seedbed management 1 temperature management. Seedlings should be ventilated. If the temperature is too high before emergence, they should be properly ventilated and cooled to prevent sprouting. After the seedlings turn green, they should gradually increase the amount of ventilation so as to avoid excessively high temperature in the bed and make the seedlings grow or burn. In the early part of the period, seal the film tightly to prevent freezing at low temperatures. When seedlings grow 2~3 leaves, the seedlings are gradually grown, and then the weather can be removed.
2 moisture management. Water must be strictly controlled during the education process. After pouring enough water, no watering is required until emergence. If there is one of the three types of water-free bead seedlings sooner or later, dry bed soil, and leaf volume in the middle of the afternoon, it can be watered in the morning and evening, and should be drenched once and should not be poured every day. Leaf age of 4 to 5 leaves, seedling height of 14 to 18 cm can be transplanted seedlings. Before transplanting, it should be irrigated with water, hand-pulled or iron shovel to raise seedlings, as much as possible with soil, less root damage, in order to shorten the slow seedling period.
3 Bacterial blight prevention and control. Bacterial blight is the main disease of rice drought and flood. The application of seedling growth agent and spraying Guangkuning at the seedling stage are the main measures to prevent the disease. When the seedling age is about 15 days, when the potency of the seedling growth agent is weakened, it is sprayed once with Guangkuning and sprayed 2 to 3 times after uncovering the film, which can effectively control the blight.
Second, Daejeon transplanting
1. Daejeon is preparing to combine cultivating Mushi peasant manure with 1500 kg, urea 12-13 kg, 25 g of calcium sulphate and 8 kg of potassium sulphate as base fertilizer.
2. Single-row planting and transplanting shall be carried out in full. The plant shall be planted with a spacing of 16 x 16 cm or 13 x 16 cm in one season. Each plot shall have 2 seedlings, and the spacing of the two crops shall be 13 x 13 cm, with 2-3 seedlings per clump. Transplanting rice should be done in three shallow ways: shallow fields, shallow water planting and shallow planting in order to give full play to the “explosive†effect of the dry nursery, where the water layer cannot exceed 3 cm and the planting depth cannot exceed 2 cm. It is advisable to plant seedlings.
3. Daejeon management field management is mainly shallow water management. Intermittent irrigation is used in places where conditions permit, so as to promote the delivery and early-onset fast growth. After 4 to 7 days of planting, weeds are used to remove weeds, cold-sweeping fields and clay fields. In the absence of stiff seedlings, appropriate amounts of zinc sulfate and urea can be applied. Control the seedlings in the field during childbirth, reduce ineffective delivery, and apply 4 to 5 kg of urea per acre before heading. At the same time do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases, insects, grass and rodents
I. Seedling raising and seedling management
1. Seedbed preparation 1 seedbed selection. Breathing is the key to the success or failure of dry rice seedlings. It should be selected as a lee-negative, water-convenient, fertile vegetable garden or early as a seedbed, and avoid cold-sweeping fields, clay fields, and alkaline fields. Generally, 25 to 30 square meters of seedbed are needed per mu of field.
2 seedbed production and fertilization. Seedlings should be ploughed and sun-dried 2 months before the seedlings are cultivated, and the beds should be crushed. The seedbed can be seen as the water condition of the plots to build a high bed, a low bed and a flat bed with a bed width of 1.2 to 1. 4 meters, length can not exceed 8 meters, ditch width 0. 4 meters, the bed should be flat and overturned. In order to simplify the procedures for raising the dry seedlings and improve the quality of the seedlings, seedlings must be used to fertilize the seedbeds. Strong seedling penalties have a variety of effects such as comprehensive nutrition, soil disinfection, acid control, chemical control, and control of blight. How to use: Mix 10 ml of fine soil with a bag of seedlings and sprinkle on a 20-square-meter seedbed. Mix the medicine with the topsoil and mix well.
3 seed bed disinfection, acid adjustment. Soil alkalinity and colonization in seedbed soil are the main factors that cause blueberry blight and dead seedlings. In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of blueberry disease, seedlings should be used in combination with soil preparation to disinfect, acidify, or spray Guangkuning for disinfection. Production practice has proved that the application of water solution of strong seedlings in cold-water immersed fields and partial alkaline fields is more effective in preventing diseases.
2. The selection of seed treatment and germination should be combined with actual conditions and local conditions. The fine varieties were selected and used for 3 kg per mu. Before sowing, it can be soaked with 2000 times liquid for 72 hours with Jianwei or Shibao to prevent rice bakanae disease. In order to accelerate growth and avoid bad seeds, the soaked grains should be germinated, and the degree of germination should be just as white as the white.
3, sowing, removing, cover film 1 sowing. Before seeding, the seedbed should be repeatedly watered, so that 15 cm of topsoil can fully absorb water and reach saturation, and alkaline water must not be used. Pour 1 additional water before planting. After soil disinfection and gentle repression of the bed surface, sow 200 to 250 grams of white grains per square meter. The sowing date depends on the planting time and the planting season is 45 days. About two days, about 55 days.
2 cover, remove. Cover about 2 cm of cover seed after sowing (evenly mix with 30% of the finely ground feces and 70% of fine soil). Cover the soil to be moist, covering should be uniform and tight, do not use fire ash, grass ash and other alkaline soil. After the cover is sprayed with a drought-resistance herbicide or herbicide.
3 cover film. After the sowing, it is necessary to cover the film in time, with the arch type as the best, the arch height 40 cm, the middle of the arch surface should be flat, the film should use a new film, compacted with soil around, in order to prevent the wind from uncovering the film to make the water evaporate and affect the seedling emergence. Spread some poison bait around the field to prevent rats.
4, seedbed management 1 temperature management. Seedlings should be ventilated. If the temperature is too high before emergence, they should be properly ventilated and cooled to prevent sprouting. After the seedlings turn green, they should gradually increase the amount of ventilation so as to avoid excessively high temperature in the bed and make the seedlings grow or burn. In the early part of the period, seal the film tightly to prevent freezing at low temperatures. When seedlings grow 2~3 leaves, the seedlings are gradually grown, and then the weather can be removed.
2 moisture management. Water must be strictly controlled during the education process. After pouring enough water, no watering is required until emergence. If there is one of the three types of water-free bead seedlings sooner or later, dry bed soil, and leaf volume in the middle of the afternoon, it can be watered in the morning and evening, and should be drenched once and should not be poured every day. Leaf age of 4 to 5 leaves, seedling height of 14 to 18 cm can be transplanted seedlings. Before transplanting, it should be irrigated with water, hand-pulled or iron shovel to raise seedlings, as much as possible with soil, less root damage, in order to shorten the slow seedling period.
3 Bacterial blight prevention and control. Bacterial blight is the main disease of rice drought and flood. The application of seedling growth agent and spraying Guangkuning at the seedling stage are the main measures to prevent the disease. When the seedling age is about 15 days, when the potency of the seedling growth agent is weakened, it is sprayed once with Guangkuning and sprayed 2 to 3 times after uncovering the film, which can effectively control the blight.
Second, Daejeon transplanting
1. Daejeon is preparing to combine cultivating Mushi peasant manure with 1500 kg, urea 12-13 kg, 25 g of calcium sulphate and 8 kg of potassium sulphate as base fertilizer.
2. Single-row planting and transplanting shall be carried out in full. The plant shall be planted with a spacing of 16 x 16 cm or 13 x 16 cm in one season. Each plot shall have 2 seedlings, and the spacing of the two crops shall be 13 x 13 cm, with 2-3 seedlings per clump. Transplanting rice should be done in three shallow ways: shallow fields, shallow water planting and shallow planting in order to give full play to the “explosive†effect of the dry nursery, where the water layer cannot exceed 3 cm and the planting depth cannot exceed 2 cm. It is advisable to plant seedlings.
3. Daejeon management field management is mainly shallow water management. Intermittent irrigation is used in places where conditions permit, so as to promote the delivery and early-onset fast growth. After 4 to 7 days of planting, weeds are used to remove weeds, cold-sweeping fields and clay fields. In the absence of stiff seedlings, appropriate amounts of zinc sulfate and urea can be applied. Control the seedlings in the field during childbirth, reduce ineffective delivery, and apply 4 to 5 kg of urea per acre before heading. At the same time do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases, insects, grass and rodents
Horse Oil: History and Production
Before gaining popularity as a beauty product, horse oil was used as a [folk medicine" in the days of ancient China. Believed to be a remedy for burns, insect bites, cuts, asthma, foot fungus, and even hair loss, the miracle oil was supposedly first brought to Japan over 1,000 years ago. Because its properties are similar to the oils naturally produced by human skin, it is easily absorbed by the skin and is safe for people all ages, including infants. Due to its effectiveness as a moisturizing agent and anti-irritant, horse oil became especially popular in Hokkaido, as it protects the skin from the region`s harsh climate and cold, dry air. The vast expanse of land in the region made it easy to farm horses for the oil.
The product is made by extracting the oils from horse fat. Horses are regularly farmed and raised for their meat in Japan, which is served in the form of basashi (raw horse), so the animals are not slaughtered solely for the purpose of a skincare product. Rather, they are farmed for food, and their oil is a byproduct of this process.
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Jiangxi Institute of Biological Products Inc. , https://www.jxinstitute.com