In recent years, the cultivation of bitter vegetable greenhouses has developed rapidly, regardless of the cultivated area or cultivated varieties are increasing, and successful greenhouse cultivation can create higher economic benefits. Bitter vegetables are high in nutritional value, rich in amino acids, vitamins and calcium, magnesium, zinc, selenium and other minerals that are essential for the body. Bitter bitter taste slightly bitter cold, has medicinal value, there are detoxification, digestion and stomach, clearing the lungs, cough, liver, diuretic, cure acne effect, a significant effect on lung disease, diabetes. Eating all year round can improve the body's immune function. Since bitter herbs have the above characteristics and various advantages, they are often in short supply in the market. Therefore, it is worthwhile to promote the cultivation of bitter vegetables in the greenhouse. The technical points of its greenhouse cultivation are now described as follows:
First, seed propagation
From October to November, the seeds of bitter herbs were gradually matured, and the seeds collected in batches were dried to remove impurities. In spring, summer and autumn of the following year, the seeds could be sowed, mainly in spring sowing, supplemented by summer and autumn sowing.
Because the seed has a dormancy period, spring sowing needs winter storage or low temperature treatment. Mushi organic fertilizer 15-20 dan before sowing, after sowing spring sowing. The sowing date is generally from late February to early March and autumn broadcast is from September to October. 0.5-0.75kg seed per acre, drilled with seedlings after planting, thickness of 0.5-1cm. After warming the seedlings and exhuming soil through the shed, the initial growth is slow. Therefore, thin human urine is applied every 10-13 days. When seedlings grow to 3-5 leaves, seedlings can be transplanted to Daejeon and prepared sheds after rain.
Second, rhizome breeding can be in the middle of March every year to the wild to dig wild rhizome root. The mother root was excavated and the old leaves were removed. The main root remained 6-8 cm, and immediately planted in the pod with 15 cm spacing, 25 cm spacing and 7-8 cm furrows. Immediately after planting, the root water was poured and the earth was infiltrated to prevent the mother root from degrading. The mother root kept the soil moist after the planting to facilitate its survival and growth.
Third, timely transplanting seedlings cultivated on the seedlings. When it grows to 5-7 leaves, it is selected for transplanting. Choose high-dry, sunny, fertile soil, well-drained arable land or stubble land. Transplanting specifications spacing 20-25cm, row spacing 30-35cm, 1 plant per litter, 7500-8000 acres planted. After the seedlings are planted, enough water is poured to ensure the survival rate is over 98%. After easing the seedlings, it is necessary to do a good job in the shed shed. In the course of management, it is necessary to top-dress fertilizers in time to facilitate the rapid growth of the plants under suitable shed temperatures. In the process of growth, reasonable harvesting should be done to win the market early and improve economic efficiency.
4. There are two methods for controlling the reproduction of bitter herbs by warm light: sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. The greenhouse temperature control requirements are quite strict, especially the temperature of shoots and shoots must not exceed 28°C. The temperature is too high or too low. Stem and leaf organs are severely aborted. In greenhouse cultivation, special attention should be paid to maintaining a suitable temperature of 25-26 °C, otherwise it will reduce the yield and quality, and affect economic efficiency.
V. Fertilizer and water management If the high yield of bitter herbs is necessary, it is necessary to top-dress fertilizers in a timely manner during growth and development. After each harvest of stems and leaves, urea 8-10 kg per mu and compound fertilizer 10-15 kg promote the plants to be thick and green. At the same time in combination with loose soil weeding to prevent weeds and bitter vegetables fight for fate. To keep the soil moist, watering should be done during drought, and the rainy season should be drained and water-repellent. In the summer high temperature season, horse water cooling and shading cooling should be conducted. In winter, the sheds should be kept warm to increase the annual output and quality of bitter herbs.
6. The timely harvesting of bitter herbs is very powerful, and it can harvest the shoots as well as harvest the tender stems. It is advisable to harvest the 8-10cm or 6-8-leaf leaves of young plants of bitter herbs. The harvesting method is scissors or hand spade. Harvesting takes place 15-18 days in spring, 1 harvest in 10-12 days in summer, and 1 harvest in 20-25 days in autumn and winter. The cultivation of the greenhouses can be harvested 10-15 days earlier than the unopened sheds in autumn and winter. - General shed cultivation more than 4000kg per mu. Compared with the unopened shed cultivation, the output is increased by more than 1000kg, and the mu income is more than 16,000 yuan, which is 4,000 yuan more than the unopened shed.
First, seed propagation
From October to November, the seeds of bitter herbs were gradually matured, and the seeds collected in batches were dried to remove impurities. In spring, summer and autumn of the following year, the seeds could be sowed, mainly in spring sowing, supplemented by summer and autumn sowing.
Because the seed has a dormancy period, spring sowing needs winter storage or low temperature treatment. Mushi organic fertilizer 15-20 dan before sowing, after sowing spring sowing. The sowing date is generally from late February to early March and autumn broadcast is from September to October. 0.5-0.75kg seed per acre, drilled with seedlings after planting, thickness of 0.5-1cm. After warming the seedlings and exhuming soil through the shed, the initial growth is slow. Therefore, thin human urine is applied every 10-13 days. When seedlings grow to 3-5 leaves, seedlings can be transplanted to Daejeon and prepared sheds after rain.
Second, rhizome breeding can be in the middle of March every year to the wild to dig wild rhizome root. The mother root was excavated and the old leaves were removed. The main root remained 6-8 cm, and immediately planted in the pod with 15 cm spacing, 25 cm spacing and 7-8 cm furrows. Immediately after planting, the root water was poured and the earth was infiltrated to prevent the mother root from degrading. The mother root kept the soil moist after the planting to facilitate its survival and growth.
Third, timely transplanting seedlings cultivated on the seedlings. When it grows to 5-7 leaves, it is selected for transplanting. Choose high-dry, sunny, fertile soil, well-drained arable land or stubble land. Transplanting specifications spacing 20-25cm, row spacing 30-35cm, 1 plant per litter, 7500-8000 acres planted. After the seedlings are planted, enough water is poured to ensure the survival rate is over 98%. After easing the seedlings, it is necessary to do a good job in the shed shed. In the course of management, it is necessary to top-dress fertilizers in time to facilitate the rapid growth of the plants under suitable shed temperatures. In the process of growth, reasonable harvesting should be done to win the market early and improve economic efficiency.
4. There are two methods for controlling the reproduction of bitter herbs by warm light: sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. The greenhouse temperature control requirements are quite strict, especially the temperature of shoots and shoots must not exceed 28°C. The temperature is too high or too low. Stem and leaf organs are severely aborted. In greenhouse cultivation, special attention should be paid to maintaining a suitable temperature of 25-26 °C, otherwise it will reduce the yield and quality, and affect economic efficiency.
V. Fertilizer and water management If the high yield of bitter herbs is necessary, it is necessary to top-dress fertilizers in a timely manner during growth and development. After each harvest of stems and leaves, urea 8-10 kg per mu and compound fertilizer 10-15 kg promote the plants to be thick and green. At the same time in combination with loose soil weeding to prevent weeds and bitter vegetables fight for fate. To keep the soil moist, watering should be done during drought, and the rainy season should be drained and water-repellent. In the summer high temperature season, horse water cooling and shading cooling should be conducted. In winter, the sheds should be kept warm to increase the annual output and quality of bitter herbs.
6. The timely harvesting of bitter herbs is very powerful, and it can harvest the shoots as well as harvest the tender stems. It is advisable to harvest the 8-10cm or 6-8-leaf leaves of young plants of bitter herbs. The harvesting method is scissors or hand spade. Harvesting takes place 15-18 days in spring, 1 harvest in 10-12 days in summer, and 1 harvest in 20-25 days in autumn and winter. The cultivation of the greenhouses can be harvested 10-15 days earlier than the unopened sheds in autumn and winter. - General shed cultivation more than 4000kg per mu. Compared with the unopened shed cultivation, the output is increased by more than 1000kg, and the mu income is more than 16,000 yuan, which is 4,000 yuan more than the unopened shed.
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"Wet curtain - fan" of the vertical ventilation cooling combination is the most economical and effective measures to cool the greenhouse in summer.
Years from the application of a real show, even in the heat of the day reported, the rational design and installation of a fan of wet curtain cooling system can still control the greenhouse temperature at 30 °C, in order to heat the greenhouse to reduce the adverse effects minimum. In the summer, your production needs Jienuo wet curtain to help.
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