American scientists used the "genetic scissors" tool to breed a variety of Aedes aegypti, which have yellow morphological appearance, three eyes, and malformed wings. They hope to use the gene editing tools to transform mosquitoes in the future to control mosquito-borne diseases.
Aedes aegypti is the main medium for the transmission of dengue virus, yellow fever virus and Zika virus, and currently produces different degrees of resistance to commonly used insecticides. Previous studies have attempted to block mosquito-borne diseases through genetic modification, but there are problems such as low gene mutation rate, low mosquito survival rate after transformation, and inability to stably inherit the intervened genes.
Researchers at the University of California, Riverside, changed their mindset to first genetically engineer mosquitoes to stably express Cas9 enzyme in germ cell lines. This enzyme plays a key role in "scissors" in the current popular gene editing tool "CRISPR/Cas9", which helps to efficiently perform gene editing.
In a new issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the team reported that after the Aedes aegypti, which stably expressed the Cas9 enzyme in the germ cell line, they used the "genetic scissors" system to carry out Aedes DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Targeted and efficient editing.
The goal of this operation is to intervene or destroy the genes involved in the development of the epidermis, wings and eyes in the mosquitoes, and eventually develop a yellow mosquito with three eyes, wing deformities and impaired flight ability. For example, after the gene editing tool intervenes on the genes related to epidermal pigments, the mosquito turns from the original black to yellow; after the genes related to the eye pigment are intervened, the color of the mosquito eyes changes from black to white.
The researchers said that this is the first step in changing mosquito traits through genetic editing. Their long-term goal is to intervene in target genes by using mosquitoes that stably express Cas9 enzyme in the body to control the number of mosquitoes, reduce disease transmission, and establish new ones. Pest control strategy. (Xinhua News Agency)
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